集中参数冷却瞬态

由热容和 hA 计算时间常数、当前温度与冷却曲线，用于瞬态检查。

visual calculator传热

先看流动形态，再相信数字。

该工具把 CFD 设置转换为工况、尺度和主导效应提示。调节下方计算器，观察动态图与计算结果如何一起变化。

输入尺度

模型

判断

transient heat transferlumped capacitancecoolingBiot

公式

KaTeX rendered

\begin{aligned}\text{T(t) = T\_inf + (T\_i - T\_inf) exp(-t/tau)}\\[0.35em]\text{tau = rho c\_p V/(h A)}\end{aligned}

ASCII source

T(t) = T_inf + (T_i - T_inf) exp(-t/tau), tau = rho c_p V/(h A)

rho (kg/m3)cp (J/kg/K)volume (m3)surface area (m2)h (W/m2/K)initial T (K)ambient T (K)time (s)

tau (s)

1080.000

T(t) (K)

344.235

Q(t) (W)

221.559

rho cp V (J/K)

4860.000

L_c = V/A (m)

0.01111

Check Biot separately. Lumped cooling is reliable when internal conduction is fast relative to surface convection.